The head of the Government Commission was Boris Yevdokimovich Shcherbina. For some reason, the local authorities could not organize the sufficient number of people to prepare the needed bags and sand, so that the helicopter pilots only had one task: to carry the bags to position and drop them. Want to tell you the untold and hidden truth of the Chernobyl disaster. Become a patron and make this project possible : https://www.patreon.com/prepperhub#Chernobyl #HBO #ValeryLegasov #TapesCredits:Source Footage: https://www.dubedits.nl Subscribe \u0026 Like \u0026 Comment for more Doomsday preppers video's : https://goo.gl/UWz1hx Prepperhub is a music channel dedicated to: Prepping Doomsday Bunkers Survival Homesteading Survivalism Info:Prepperhub is a unique youtube channel where anyone who is interested in prepping, survivival, homesteading etc, can get information and advive. The shift mode of work, all that was experienced, etc.all these circumstances must naturally be described as the secondary factors. Because I reasoned, for example, that if we say this to the people now, the evacuation will be delayed. For example, the head of the district executive committee, Plyushch, had to make preparations for the evacuation. Legasov was told he was assigned to a government commission that was looking into the accident. For example, decisions of some sort were taken like the launch date of 1st and 2nd blocks, or sarcophagus completion time, or works on 5th or 6th blocks, or Pripyat conservation decisions. Just radioactivity; Im not even talking about carcinogens and other things. Then we built the Beloyarsk Nuclear Power Station and the Novovoronezh Nuclear Power Station. And another big accident will be in Kuibyshev, a chemical accident. Well, they are listed in the reports presented at Vienna. [1] The institute members denied Legasov the position which was perhaps surprising given his seniority and public visibility. So just in case, the water should be removed and in case the fuel mass would melt its way down into these rooms, we could pump the water back there, to cool the molten fuel masses. The public was protesting against the continued construction of the 5th and 6th blocks and their entering into service, because they felt that it was too much power, 6 gigawatts, on a single site, especially in abnormal radiation conditions. But it was very quickly discovered that the water itself did not have much contamination, but the silt was affected. And so the main purpose of our actions boiled down to not reaching 2,500 degrees. Legasov: RBMK? The decision has been made and what can we say about it now. Work, so to say, is progressing on the station, then abruptly stops because one or the other equipment is not there. People were changing clothes. And each one accumulates experience and mistakes, and all of it belongs to all humankind. In my opinion, it was unlikely. This was a very important meeting. This mistake was fundamental. And we have experienced personnel. Legasov: Yes, on the 26th in the evening, around 6 or 7 pm, when there was a crimson glow as we were arriving. The idea of creating such an expert group and doing this work was mine. They often practised there. Since we did not receive any, specific information here, we quickly plunged into cars and I found myself in the, 140 km. A shift manager moves from one facility to another thinking that things will be the same. But yet, even after these measuresand all the experts in the Soviet Union knew thisfrom a control point of view, this reactor required a lot of attention from the operator and always was quite complex. Evening road was. The European industry will not survive without it. But they required considerable machine-building capacities to build the case that the Soviet Union did not have. But all this was done remarkably clearly and quickly. All this was [incorrectly] attributed to the idea that the reactor is active and continues to emit increasing amounts of radioactivity. The work went on as had been planned before, that is in three aspects: one, monitoring the state of reactor number 4, because the material drops had ended. But then, in a conversation, he said that RBMK reactors are very dangerous. devices. Today, this number can be called a reliably established number so that numbers like in tens of tons or kilotons, etc dont go around. [7], At Vnukovo airport, Legasov met Boris Shcherbina, the head of the government commission dealing with the accident response. This is the philosophy that applies to any entity which makes the system reliable. He never said how much he got. Under the mandatory condition of the most rigorous compliance with all regulations and such. To date, it has generated more than half a billion roubles of income for the Government, which more than covers that cost of 25 million roubles for the projects that failed. Do you understand? They still cannot understand this, or maybe this is just a self-defensive reaction. It was wrong. Somehow, irrespective of rank, irrespective of the task at hand, everyone worked like a finely-tuned team, especially in the initial days. It only handles the operation, nothing more. Then, I graduated from the Kurchatov Institute in the field of nuclear fuel reprocessing. the morning at the Ministry, which owns the Institute of Atomic Energy. So even such a basic hygienic practice for eating was absent during the initial days. And, each time considerably different figures and results were reported, from astonishingly high to relatively moderate. On this, they do; on that, they dont. The 15-20 years of experience accumulated by this industry has shown that competent, reliable and precise operation of nuclear facilities, technical means of ensuring safety and proper staff training are enough to prevent big accidents with radiation outbursts from happening, at least, not at the stations themselves. That is why they are after me with such terrible force in this aspect. The original Russian transcripts from the recorded tapes of Valery Legasov. And naturally, to find out how to access various rooms, everyone turned to him, either to his drawings or simply to his memory, to his experience. And, a little later, Egorov from the Adamov Institute but he arrived a day or two later. Of course, there was frequent disagreement about the accuracy and correctness of the measurements and calculations, which resulted in basic measurement consistency not being guaranteed at any given measuring point. At least not at the age that I currently am, just into my fifties. Firstly, because it would melt and a sufficient amount of energy would be spent in melting it. Now about other things. The last time I saw him was in the Politburo meeting on the 14th of July [transcript of the Politburo meeting] when the cause of the Chernobyl accident was being discussed. They gathered at the table and doled out houses and posts to themselves. It is necessary to explain the following facts in this order. And if the operator is killed, falls ill or dies, then all these 211 rods will remain in place. Adamovich: [Unclear] you talked about nitrogen. Valery Legasov. And when I visited the Chernobyl station after the accident and saw what was happening there, I myself drew a precise and unequivocal conclusion, that the Chernobyl disaster is an apotheosis, the pinnacle of all the mismanagement that has been carried out for decades in our country. It was all tangled up. But even before the work on the sarcophagus ended, work began on checking the condition of the equipment in the 3rd block. So many discussions were had on this topic, so many surveys, so many measurements, and in the end, it turned out that the main source of contamination was the contamination on the roof of the 3rd block. The same Gosatomenergonadzor should thoroughly review all the regulatory documents and improve them, while also verifying that all the regulatory requirements are met in practice. While in Chernobyl, I spoke with him thrice on the phone. Legasov: The station staff. There was an absolute disregard of the viewpoint of the Chief Designer or the Science Supervisor. And what international measures have been taken, what conventions have been adopted, what was the Soviet position on international cooperation. That is why we chose SiO2, sand, which would perform the same function, that is, melting, flowing in the same way as dolomite; because magnesium oxide [sic] is a relatively good conductor of heat, the most conductive among all ceramics. The first two such consecutive works by experts were interesting. But then Eugeny Pavlovich appeared and started talking about this China syndrome and those barboteurs; - lower and upper ones, that they could melt through and some fuel could get through them into the soil and into the groundwater. Was Shcherbina calling Moscow with you? And above 75 rem, it is mandatory. So we had to send a considerable number of helicopters to take the measurements and investigate. I immediately jumped into the car, went to the Institute and found experts on this type of reactor. Therefore, we still cannot fully explain this phenomenon but there are such theories. Entirely another case was when Eugeny Pavlovich proposed to construct another such plate under the wreck that was outside of reactor number 4. However, the particles would agglomerate in the air and fall down again within the station territory. It simply shocked me. Anatoly Petrovich Alexandrov strongly recommended we also start dropping clay, a very effective radionuclide absorbant. Of course, much has been written about this and I myself was involved in describing the events that preceded the accident. This faculty trained specialists, mainly researchers, who were to work in the field of nuclear industry, that is, be able to separate isotopes, to work with radioactive substances, to extract uranium from the ore, bring it to the needed condition, make nuclear fuel from it, to process nuclear fuel that had been removed from the reactor having a strong radioactivity component, to extract useful products from it as well as the dangerous and hazardous parts, to be able to compact them, bury them so that they would not harm humans, and use parts of radioactive resources for the national economy, medicine maybe. There were less than 10 rem. What has already been discovered, what is encouraging for us, that is, I mean, the accumulation of radioactive elements inside fish and animals that are inside the 30-kilometre zone, what is not frightening, what is useful, what is useless, the behaviour of the various tree species, all the Gosagroprom findings, only those that are currently very obviousthese should be described. He arrived. As of today, it has been absolutely reliably established, and it must be unambiguously written, that there were two consecutive explosions, the second more powerful than the first. The show opens with Legasov's suicide, on the second anniversary of the explosion. But even DT-5 was not there in sufficient quantities when we arrived. And there was another episode. Crosswise Salmon anteceding movingly while Thacher always distemper his croupade westernise prayerlessly, he take-overs so unsuspectingly. This is how the Americans fled. He recorded these tapes after the Chernobyl nuclear disaster, and not long before his death. Among the giants, among the reactor people or the thermonuclear people, I was the smaller, so to say, proprietor. Where did this come from? Indeed, there was nothing that impeded the organization of this unusual and difficult operation. An absolutely enormous amount of work was done by comrade Kurnosov, the chief engineer of this project and the chief engineer of the institute itself. And so, along with a lot of very accurate depictions and comments, there were a lot of inaccuracies. All this was rechecked at other stationsthe same spots, the same weld beadsand not all was perfect. The builders from the Ministry of Energy were occupied with the construction of the shift village at Green Cape and some tasks related to the creation of a decontamination station inside the 30-kilometre zone and some work on the territory of the station itself. Luckily, as I was later told by the director of the Kola NPP Volkov Aleksander Petrovich, the personnel were properly trained and very cautious. With the approval of the director of the Institute, with his full support, the first deputy was working on organising system-wide research on the structure of nuclear energy, an activity that was of little interest to the Ministry and was happening solely because of the support from Anatoly Petrovich Aleksandrov. Legasov continued his attempts to introduce reforms in academic chemistry by establishing an interdepartmental council to try to overcome stagnation in the field. And just by a miracle, it didnt. We quickly organised members into groups, each with its own task. This doesnt mean that the spreading of radioactivity ended. Well, because many radioactive elements have accumulated inside coal and oil seams over the centuries. This may have indicated that the reactor was still working. Here I recall many such annoying episodes. However, more radiation would escape through this top cover but it would be comparable to or even less than the total radiation on the site. As soon as we started selling stations to the Finns. In particular, it must be said that not all measures were prudent. Everything there would be blown to kingdom come. [citation needed] He was a member of the Science and Technology Council of the Ministry of Medium Machine Building. This is impossible. When on an even surface but inside strong radiation fields, their electronics, usually the control modules, failed making them inoperable. What examples did he give? All these instances were in our heads as individual episodes. You know, similar to our current state quality control, a lot of specialists appeared that were not involved in engineering or scientific activities. From that moment the Government Commission became only an administrative mechanism for that huge government work that was done under the control of the Operative group of the CCCPSU. By analysing the entire dataset gathered in this manner, we concluded that inside the reactor were small areas of high temperature around 2000C, while the majority of surfaces were only heated up to around 300C. The station had lots of it stockpiled - it was used in construction, to mix with concrete to weigh it down. He told me that he had issued appropriate orders, but I think those never got executed. Judging by the quantity and dynamics of the radioactive exhaust from reactor number 4 our actions were quite effective. He was in shock all of the time. [5] During 1953, he proposed reforms to the Komsomol committee to address what he perceived as indifference and passivity of its members. Legasov: In total in the reactor? So, [in Chernobyl] our press reported a lot of information of the second type, about people, about their impressions, about what was happening there, but reported very little, unlike the TASS regular, about what has happened so far and what has changed. The explosion was volumetric in nature. This is why I am such a confusing figure; because, on the one hand, I know the questions of safety in their overall philosophical form, how they should be posed and solved, I know the nuclear fuel cycle and its external parts, and [on the other hand] I was an observer of the reactor saga. And when Nikolai Ivanovich Rizhkov in a politburo meeting spoke his words about how nuclear energy was inevitably moving towards a grave accident, immediately all these facts, accumulated over many years, somehow aligned in my mind, and his words highlighted that it really was so. It thoroughly analyzed the situation. Legasov: Ministry of Medium Machine Building. They were communicating, continuously, constantly. It took away the heat so that the uranium wont melt. This is why the first job of the first team that went in was to start the reactor shutdown procedure of the 1st and 2nd blocks. What was this fateful mistake? And you go into Skazochniy where you are assigned a bed, living space and other things. Ordinary bulldozers and scrapers, but reinforced with lead sheets to protect the driver inside. They lost 17 people there, the Americans. So I immediately sat down to write this letter, and after a few edits by Ivan Stepanovich Silayev, it was sent to Gorbachev that same night, signed by Silayev, Velikhov and me. Would we be breaking the law? Sometime around the end of August, September or October, when the city was in a condition which allowed it to be preserved; it was safe to be in this didnt mean that the city could be inhabited normally, but that the city no longer posed any immediate danger was thanks to the armys efforts. So on the same day at 4 p.m., I flew out of Chkalovsk and once again arrived at Chernobyl where I continued my work. I have the transcript for the first tape, which I want to post first, but it is in Russian and I need it translated in English. But what should those actions be? But this caused a storm in the Ministry. Hydrogen energy became an area of my close attention. But then the commission did a much more thorough assessment and concluded the same thing as I did. At the same time, he was not always right, he ordered what to do and how to do it. On 27 April 1988,[32] the day after the second anniversary of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant accident and one day before he was due to release the outcomes of the investigation into the causes of the disaster,[23] Legasov hanged himself in the stairwell of his Moscow apartment[33] (though some sources say inside his apartment,[34][35] others in his office[23]). They themselves? Moreover, the number of enterprises who were involved in the production of various equipment for a nuclear power plant had also increased. The amount of dropped lead grew from day to day. Radiation conditions were evaluated, work status of dam construction, well construction, about acquiring appropriate equipment and vehicles, about the construction of the sarcophagusall this information was heard, and operational decisions were made immediately. It was led by comrade Petrov who had arrived here earlier. So this is the first violation of the philosophy. And all this should be collected into a group of unanswered questions, where we have the facts but no full explanations for those facts. But it was not. Since we were late by 10 years in the development of nuclear energy, Adamovich: [CLARIFICATION ON FEINBERG'S LAST NAME]. But, in reality, I think that the full picture of exactly what happened, and how, is not entirely clear to anyone. Using such Celite-containing materials was very beneficial: both when put into the soil for holding radionuclides, and also when mixed into the bodies of dams that were being built on small and large rivers. Anatoly Petrovich Aleksandrov and my student, who called me just now, Silivanov, they thought about which material to use that would generate CO2 and also conduct heat. An accident is possible in which organophosphorus compounds form, a single breath of which is lethal. This means that a rapid expansion of steam, constantly thermally heated, led to the damage that was witnessed. [7] Legasov was impressed by the operation of the KGB in the area but considered the Civil Defence group to be in shambles. For all new projects and new ideas, this design organisation fully recognized the authority of the Institute of Nuclear Energy, and readily consulted with it and maintained contact. The shot was on station territory but it was in a room that was heavily contaminated, making it impossible to load it into the helicopters. They told me about their complete helplessness. What did they need to do in such a situation? However, the thing that I was able to achieve was to create an expert group that would perform an expert comparison between different types of devices, in terms of their economy, universality and safety. This is not an abstract statement and not in the sense that we had begun to lower the general technical culture. There were countless industry councils where something was discussed. Because of this, the share of alternative sources in the foreseeable period of 45-50 years will be 5-7 per cent. More than that, as part of professional work, I took some part in these areas. This is the problem. General Ivanov, who initially commanded this unit, in my opinion, simply failed. I tried to establish such things that would bring the institute together, like the Kurchatov General Council, the institutes general seminar, and setting up various publications that would, on order, sit on the desks of researchers so that they could quickly get all the news from their field. Of course, the mistakes made by the operators are well known and there is no need to list them yet again. [22] The report ran to 388 pages and was presented by Legasov to the conference in a 5-hour presentation, which many in the audience found disturbing. The probability increases day by day because of again, those devices without containment. This station had a proper training simulator where everyone had to undergo regular training, and the various situations that could arise at a reactor were simulated. [23], With the first draft of Legasov's report received by the Central Committee, some were shocked and one minister forwarded it to the KGB with the recommendation that the authors be prosecuted. The 26th of April 1986 caught the Institute of Nuclear Energy in a rather odd position. But there was no time. Then the next most likely is Bulgaria, Kozloduy. This was evidence that the temperatures were still high there. And under some anomalous conditions In normal conditions, of course, the graphite comes into contact only with inert material which was ensured by appropriate technical solutions. And it used the heat from the reactor to melt. And teams had already been put in place beforehand. Shcherbina was out of Moscow at this time, somewhere outside the capital, holding some event. For that concrete supply had to be organized. Lev Alekseyevich Voronin, who was in charge of the GC at that time, quickly understood me. Because the dosimetry service By the way, here I will take a detour and say that dosimetry was poorly organized. But all these solutions and advice did not concern the design of the reactors, which I never worked on. Many of the regulations, requirements and rules were complicated and very confusing; in some parts, contradictory. [7], Reactor 4 of Chernobyl nuclear plant exploded on 26 April 1986 at 1:23:45 a.m, releasing a massive amount of radiation and contaminating a large area. We didnt get precise information here, so we got into our cars as quickly as we could and set off for the power plant. And so, it's not about the operators . [7] At Tomsk Polytechnic University, he started researching gaseous uranium hexachloride in a gaseous fission reactor. And the RBMK reactor is a single-circuit reactor. As he told me later, he called Veretennikov in the Ministry of Energy about this, then Shasharin, got as far as Neporozhniy, and then reported it to comrade Maryin at the Central Party Committee. Academician Kikoev tried to convince me to stay in postgraduate studies because he liked my graduate thesis. Outer cleanliness of the station, the number of equipment in the station laboratories, all this differed strikingly from our stations in the Soviet Union. Media Entertainment Arts WorldWide Legasov: Yes, the reactivity increases by 13 times every second whereas the rod takes five or six seconds to descend. Rarely have any of us really spoken frankly and accurate about this. I feel sick thinking about exactly what is most likely to happen to us in the near future. And we had to know whether those bubblers were empty or not. So I, after wasting a year, have to return to my proposal and these RBMK reactors still cannot be considered reliable. The best technical devices were created by experts from NIKIMT. Then we got onto a road that led to Pripyat, a nuclear city, where the builders and workers of the Chernobyl power plant lived. While individual researchers had proposed various solutions for dust suppression, in the summer of 1986, one of the main challenges was preventing the spread of contaminated dust over large distances. We tried to use robots but this generally was not very successful. At the same time, Shasharin, the First Deputy Minister of Energy, under whom the station was at the time, was at a loss. Legasov: Hope this isnt confusing to you. Firstly, find the fuel; determine how was it distributed. There was a mulberry-coloured or even crimson glow visible above the station, which is opposite of what is usual for a nuclear power station. But the fight against these dangers was being fought on a case-by-case basis. Everything, was, of course, changed, but unfortunately, these things did happen. Assignments would be issued, and the completed ones checked. It later became part of the Nuclear Energy Safety Department. It is now sometimes said that many of those firemen received needlessly high radiation doses, because they were stationed in various places to monitor the situation and prevent the appearance of new fires. These inaccuracies were accounted for, but that approach itself was not accurate. I remember that the future Minister of Medium Machine Building, comrade Ryabev, who had replaced Meshkov in the GC, himself led the group (after receiving the recipe for preparing the solutions that could solidify and create polymeric films on the surface). No careful monitoring of the instrument, no attention to the condition of the equipment between planned preventive maintenance. Nevertheless, the potential reserve of chemical energy in a device of this type was maximal relative to, say, another comparable device. At first, Sidorenko left me, and Shcherbina asked me to stay. 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